A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/URI.php

Line Number: 101

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Router.php

Line Number: 127

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$db is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 396

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated

Filename: database/DB_driver.php

Line Number: 371

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$email is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 132

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 294

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 168

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 237

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 317

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 282

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 289

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 304

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 314

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 315

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 316

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 317

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 375

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 110

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$session is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$Admin_Model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 9
Function: __construct

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$UM is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 10
Function: model

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Home::$form_validation is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 11
Function: library

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$email is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$Admin_Model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$UM is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$form_validation is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 931

Backtrace:

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 70
Function: view

File: /home/wsshudao/public_html/index.php
Line: 308
Function: require_once

Welcome to World Social Science Human Development Academics
Follow us:

Ethical Policy

Ethical Policy for the Authors

  • They provided original, unpublished, unduplicated, and unplagiarized materials in their work.
  • Materials used or quoted from other sources are adequately acknowledged, transparent, cited, mentioned, and/or allowed under permission where required.
  • They did not violate or infringe on any rights of other authors and publishers.
  • Data used is not copied from other sources without acknowledgment. No concocted, untrue, manipulated data or information is provided in any part of the work.
  • Their data is their own, or they have permission to use data reproduced in their paper.
  • Funding source is properly acknowledged.
  • They have not provided any material that supports or promotes violence in society.
  • They do not have any contact with the editor or reviewers for their work.
  • They complied with all other ethical issues and do not show any unethical/immoral conduct to increase the acceptability of their work.

Ethical Policy for the Reviewers

  • Should ensure that the work is original and unpublished.
  • Must not make any contact with the author.
  • Must maintain confidentiality and must not pass or divulge any information contained in the work to anybody or organisation for personal gain or for providing benefit to the other person or organisation.
  • Must maintain impartiality during the review process and must not show any kind of bias while accepting or rejecting any work.
  • Must be fair and transparent.
  • Should comply with all other ethical policies recommended by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Ethical Policy for the Editors

  • Must ensure that all ethical issues are compiled by the author and publication ethics are not violated.
  • Must not have any contact with the author in any form.
  • Must be fair, unbiased, impartial, and transparent while accepting or rejecting a paper.
  • Must not pass or divulge any information to any person or institution for personal gain or the gain of another person or institution.
  • Must not pass any information about the reviewers to the authors.
  • Must ensure that the reviewers comply with all ethical policies.
  • Should comply with all other ethical policies recommended by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Publication Process:

Our publication process involves the following steps:
Step 1

On the basis of the content of the paper, we endeavor to select the journal which fits very well with the aim and scope of the journal. The paper is examined on the basis of the checklist completed by the author and then the decision is taken to send it to the Editor-in-Chief.

Step 2

The paper is sent to the Editor of the journal, who forwards it to the Associate Editors or Members of the Editorial Board to review within a determined time. The reviewers must report in the form of completing the review template.

Step 3

The editor examines these reports to wipe out any bias and sends the reports to the authors directly for compliance within a fixed time.

Step 4

The Editor forwards the revised paper to the reviewers for checking the compliance level, and upon receiving the final approval from the reviewers, the editor sends the paper to the printer. In case of partial compliance, step 3 is repeated until both the Editors and Associate Editors are satisfied.

Step 5

The publication staff members of WSSUDHA Social Science remain in contact with the corresponding authors until the paper is published.

Blind Review Process:

Any paper submitted to us must go through double bling review process to maintain the standard and quality of the journal. Under this review process, both the author(s) and reviewer (s) remain anonymous so that impartial decision about the acceptability of the paper is obtained. Papers are considered on the basis of quality, timeliness, new contribution. The reviewers must examine the paper on the basis of the key points laid out in the Review Template.. No information about the author(s) is passed on to the reviewer(s) to avoid any biasness and communication.